Effects of Mortgage Problems in Todays Economy on the Business of Real Essay

Impacts of Mortgage Problems in Todays Economy on the Business of Real Estate Appraisal and Sales - Essay Example While thinking about the recorded information, the overall rates for a 30-year fixed credit, is very lower and the home loan banks are confronting issues to setoff their misfortunes from land business. Area factor is the premise of home loan business and it is currently accepting more noteworthy centrality in today’s lodging market. Along these lines there exist differential paces of development in the home loan industry. Home loan moneylenders face genuine monetary issues, for example, default from borrowers on reimbursing credit portions in time and such occasions of delinquency had extreme ramifications in the lodging business sector and land industry. Home loan business depends on loaning of home loan advances to the customers. In this manner, falling house costs in the US economy will bring about gigantic misfortunes on the home loans the organizations own as security for advance gave, and in this way the credit given out based on such protections likewise endure higher hazard. This higher hazard in security speculation will impact people and organizations like annuity reserves, mutual funds, insurance agencies and banks contrarily. In this manner these establishments constrained to prevent purchasing the private home loans from contract moneylenders. Consequently the home loan industry will experience the ill effects of absence of budgetary assets and the home purchasers are additionally confine d from getting advances. Venture is the premise of the land showcase. The report on land business shows that the qualities for homes the nation over are indicating a declining pattern and the land appraisers are experiencing expanded weight realtors and home loan specialists to show the benefit esteems at a higher rate so as to build deals. Control measures for followed by the realtors and home loan intermediaries by convincing the appraisers to falsely build the property estimations, which likewise influence the home loan business seriously. Because of the expanded weight from contract representatives, appraisers give over worth report on the benefit on contract. The genuineness of their valuation appears to need dependability and the clients barely trust it. This influences their further business development seriously. The home loan banks are confronting issues with default in reimbursement of advance portions and they are not in a situation to hold the credit from the protections which are exaggerated through the impact of intermediaries. (Kerr). According to the new guidelines in the US contract industry, banks and home loan agents are required to arrange all evaluations through an autonomous outsider. This outsider is required to arrange the examination from an authorized appraiser, and he chooses just the individuals who consent to do it for the most reduced rate with no quality limitations. This gives points of interest and disadvantageous in the home loan industry. The new guidelines help the borrowers to get the examination cost at diminished level. Because of the end of forthright correspondence between the bank and the appraiser, the issues emerging from such interchanges in the home loan industry can likewise be decreased. A result of this new guideline is that lone least estimated appraisers are acknowledged by borrowers while the vast majority of the certified appraisers are kept away from. Therefore in the land showcase, there may just be the lower evaluated appraisers. In this manner nearby appraisers, charging a little more significant expense needs to accomplish their quality work in an extremely specific market. This new framework likewise makes different issues for the home loan busi

Statistics and Math

Question: Talk about the Statistics and Math. Answer: Presentation A suitable tallness and weight is basic so as to have a fitting BMI. Age is additionally a significant factor that influences the heaviness of an individual. Both male and female needs to have an ideal load in as per their tallness and age. They go to rec center for this reason and they do normal activities outside the rec center. It is seen that a portion of the clients have diverse perspective with respect to the types of gear of rec center. In this task, a thought would be given about the different proportions of measurements. These proportions of measurements would be clarified in this task and they would be utilized in the information of the rec center which incorporates stature, weight, BMI, age, and the reactions with respect to the visit to the rec center. Diagrams and graphs would be given in this task so as to give an away from about the different proportions of insights in setting of these information. Outline and Explanation of Descriptive Statistics Discrete and Continuous Variable The estimations of the variable that are gotten by checking is called discrete irregular variable. At the point when the arbitrary variable takes any an incentive in the scope of two explicit qualities, the variable is called nonstop factor. A variable that can take vastly numerous uncountable qualities is called constant arbitrary variable (Vogt and Barta 2013). The discrete factors in this examination are Do you do customary exercise outside of the rec center and Is it essential to have a high assortment of hardware. The consistent factors in this exploration stature and weight. Expressive Statistics Mean and middle had been utilized so as to consider the informational collection. The mean and middle was determined for the two ceaseless factors; tallness and weight. Mean is characterized as the normal of the estimations of the factors in the informational index. It is determined by partitioning the total of the considerable number of estimations of the variable by the quantity of estimations of the variable (Kock 2013). There are three kinds of implies that are utilized in measurements. They are math mean, geometric mean and consonant mean. For the most part, math mean is utilized in the spellbinding insights. The stature and weight of 100 examples would experience number-crunching mean as they are consistent factors and it would give the normal tallness and weight of the staples in the overview. The mean of the nonstop arbitrary variable was seen as 170.55 units while the mean of another persistent irregular variable, weight, was seen as 76.36 units. Middle is characterized as the center estimation of the informational index when the information are orchestrated in either rising or sliding request. Middle is the second quartile of the informational index and it isolates the higher estimation of the informational index from the lower esteems (Vogt and Barta 2013). Middle is better than mean in the perspective that middle isn't tremendously slanted and it isn't greatly influenced by sequential qualities. The middle of the variable stature was seen as 170 units while the middle of the variable weight was seen as 77 units. Figure 1: disperse plot of the estimations of tallness (Source: made by creator) Figure 2: disperse plot of the estimations of weight (Source: made by creator) The two proportions of varieties that are standard deviation and range. Standard deviation is characterized as the deviation of the estimations of a variable from the mean of the variable in the informational index (Allen 2013). A lower estimation of standard deviation demonstrates that the estimations of the variable lies nearer to the mean while higher worth shows that the estimations of the variable are generally spread (Statistics 2013). The standard deviation of the variable, stature was seen as 12.81. It shows that the estimations of statures of the picked test are respectably spread over the informational collection. The standard deviation of the variable, weight was seen as 15.22. This shows the qualities are tolerably spread over the informational collection. Another proportion of variety is run. It demonstrates the contrast between the most extreme and least estimations of the variable. This gives the thought regarding the most elevated and least estimations of the factors. The scope of variable, stature was seen as 49 while the scope of the variable weight was seen as 63 (Lake 2013). This shows the most elevated and least estimation of tallness in the informational collection is 194 units and 145 units separately, while the most noteworthy and most reduced estimation of weight was seen as 109 units and 46 units individually. Irregular Variable and its Probability Distribution On thinking about discrete irregular factors, Do you do ordinary exercise outside of the rec center and Is it essential to have a high assortment of gear, the extent of tests who don't do customary exercise outside the rec center was seen as 0.54 and the mean of the variable (np) was seen as 54 while the fluctuation (npq) was seen as 24.84 (Hong 2013). The extent of the example who said that it isn't imperative to have a high assortment of hardware was 0.3, mean (np) was seen as 0.30 while the fluctuation (npq) was seen as 21. It shows that both the discrete factors are exceptionally veered off from the mean estimation of the variable. Tallness and weight are the two nonstop factors that are considered for the exploration. Both the nonstop factors are found to follow typical appropriation. An appropriation is supposed to be an ordinary dispersion when the mean, middle and method of the nonstop factor nearly match with one another. Under as far as possible hypothesis, it is seen that the midpoints of the arbitrary factors which are freely drawn, combine to ordinary dissemination. Ordinary dispersion is commonly utilized in testing appropriation because of focal cutoff hypothesis. It is seen that the mean, middle and method of the consistent factors, stature and weight nearly harmonize with one another. The skewness of both the factors is almost equivalent to zero and the kurtosis has a marginally negative worth. Consequently, stature and weight is considered to follow typical dispersion. Speculation Test Speculation test was performed between two nonstop irregular factors, stature and weight at 95% degree of centrality. The speculation test was directed to check whether stature is free of weight or not. Two followed t-test was directed at 5% level of essentialness for this reason (Kruschke 2013). The invalid theory and elective speculation surrounded for this test is as per the following: H0: stature and weight are autonomous of one another H1: stature and weight are reliant of one another On performing two followed t-test at 5% level of essentialness, the p estimation of the test was seen as 6.6459E-110 (de Winter 2013). This worth is seen as under 0.05 and it shows that the theory test is critical. The invalid speculation is dismissed for this situation and it very well may be deciphered that the tallness and weight are reliant on one another. Relapse Snalysis Relapse examination was performed thinking about BMI as the needy variable and stature and weight as the free factors. The connection coefficient between the reliant variable and free factors was seen as 0.98579 (Draper and Smith 2014). This shows the reliance of the needy variable on the free factors is high. The autonomous factors impact BMI to a bigger degree. The relapse condition found for the situation is as per the following: BMI = 51.37692 0.30174 * tallness + 0.342475 * weight The relapse condition shows that with the adjustment in one unit of tallness, the BMI would change by 0.30174 units while with change in one unit of weight, the adjustment in BMI would impact by 0.342475 (Montgomery et al. 2015). On nonappearance of the estimations of tallness and weight, it is seen that the BMI of the picked test would be 51.37692. Figure 3: line fit plot of stature (Source: made by creator) The line fit plot is plotted with BMI on y-hub and tallness on x-hub. It is seen that the genuine and anticipated estimations of the variable stature lies close to one another (Kleinbaum et al. 2013). This shows the model is a solid match model and the relapse model can be utilized for additional extrapolation or introduction. Figure 4: line fit plot of weight (Source: made by creator) The line fit plot is plotted with BMI on y-hub and weight on x-hub. It is seen that the real and anticipated estimations of the variable weight lies close to one another. This shows the model is a solid match model and the relapse model can be utilized for additional extrapolation or interjection. End On breaking down the given information, it very well may be reasoned that tallness and weight are the two persistent factors considered in the task. The two discrete factors in the task are Do you do ordinary exercise outside of the rec center and Is it essential to have a high assortment of gear. The normal estimation of tallness and weight was seen as 170.55 units and 76.36 units individually. The middle estimation of tallness and weight was seen as 170 units and 77 units separately. The standard deviation of tallness and weight was seen as 12.81 units and 15.22 units individually while the range was seen as 49 units and 63 units separately. The likelihood conveyance of the discrete irregular factors was seen as binomial appropriation. Theory test was led between the two factors stature and weight. The consequence of the theory test was discovered that the tallness and weight are reliant on one another. Relapse examination was performed thinking about BMI as the reliant variable an d stature and weight as the autonomy factors. The relapse condition was seen as BMI = 51.37692 0.30174 * stature + 0.342475 * weight. It was likewise observed that there exists a solid relationship between's the needy variable and free factors. Proposal It is suggested that the rec center educators must impact the clients to do ordinary exercise both in rec center and outside rec center. It would assist them with staying fit and solid. It is additionally suggested that the clients must be given a thought regarding the perfect BMI and they ought to be told and inf

GUERIN Surname Meaning and Family History

GUERIN Surname Meaning and Family History The Guerin last name gets from the Old French guarin or guerin, which means to watch or gatekeeper. Gwaren is the Welsh variety of the family name, Guarin the Spanish, and Warren is a typical Anglicized adaptation. Last name Origin: French, Irish, Welsh (Gwaren) Interchange Surname Spellings: GEURIN, GEREN, GARIN, GUERRIN, GUERREN, GUERINNE, GUERREIN, GERIN, GWAREN, GUARIN Celebrated People with the Guerin Surname Veronica Guerin: Irish wrongdoing reporterWilliam Robert Bill Guerin: American previous expert ice hockey player; partner senior supervisor of the NHL Pittsburgh PenguinsJean-Baptiste Paulin Guã ©rin: French painterJean-Marie Camille Guã ©rin: French immunologistGilles Guã ©rin: French artist Where the Guerin Surname is Most Common Not obviously, the Guerin family name is most ordinarily found in France, as per last name dispersion information from Forebears; it positions as the 59th most normal last name in the nation. It is additionally fairly regular in Ireland (positioned 714th) and Canada (933rd). WorldNames PublicProfiler shows the Guerin family name is particularly visit in northwestern France, explicitly Bregagne (Brittany), Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes, and Centre-Val de Loire. Family history Resources for the Surname Guerin Implications of Common French Surnames: Uncover the importance of your French last name with this free manual for the implications and birthplaces of basic French surnames.Guerin Family Crest: Its Not What You Think: Contrary to what you may hear, there is nothing of the sort as a Guerinâ family peak or crest for the Guerin surname. Coats of arms are allowed to people, not families, and may legitimately be utilized uniquely by the continuous male line relatives of the individual to whom the crest was initially granted.Some Historical Notes on the Origin of the Guerin Surname in Co. Clare: A paper by Pat Guerin on the inceptions of the Guerins of Co. Clare.Guerin Family Genealogy Forum: This free message board is centered around relatives of Guerinâ ancestors around the world.FamilySearch: Guerin Genealogy: Explore more than 400,000 outcomes from digitizedâ historical records and heredity connected family trees identified with the Guerinâ surname on this free site facilitated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Guerin Surname Mailing List: Free mailing list for analysts of the Guerinâ surname and its varieties incorporates membership subtleties and accessible chronicles of past messages.DistantCousin.com: Guerin Genealogy Family History: Explore free databases and parentage joins for the last name Guerin.GeneaNet: Guerin Records: GeneaNet incorporates documented records, family trees, and different assets for people with the Guerinâ surname, with a fixation on records and families from France and other European countries.The Guerin Genealogy and Family Tree Page: Browse ancestry records and connections to genealogical and verifiable records for people with the Guerinâ surname from the site of Genealogy Today. Sources Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket release), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997

Philanthropy Theory - Free Essay Example

Philanthropy Theory This theory explains that individuals give because they want to gain some private advantages; thus, a donation is the mode to fulfill a donors ego instead of the public. It is an action people or organizations do on the foundation of altruistic aspiration to enhance human well-being. The well-off people at times create foundations to aid in their philanthropic activities (Greenlee 199-210). An example of consumption philanthropy theory is when John Winthrop of Massachusetts Bay Colony told Puritan settlers in 1630 that the wealthy people have a responsibility to take care of the less fortunate in the society. In the meantime, the poor should strive to improve their circumstances. Some years later, John Eliot did a letter to Sir Simonds DEwes requesting for cash to establish a tertiary institution in Massachusetts. Five years later, John Harvard did the basics for Harvard University after donating half of his land to develop the institution. Therefore, surprisingly, this is the mainly widespread kind of giving since people are looking for recognition, links to other individuals on the same wavelength in society and feeling good Altruism Theory This a traditional perception on the charity that states that one gives just because they want to help other people. In this case, this kind of donor desires public benefits while consumption Philanthropists desires for personal gains. It can also be termed as the code and practice of concern for the contentment of other individuals or even animals ending up in excellent life both materially and spiritually. It is an attractive traditional feature in various cultures and a core feature of different religious customs and secular perceptions, but the notion of others towards the person who concerns is aimed at can differ amid religions and culture. In very extreme instances, altruism may be a synonym of unselfishness. In the usual way of life, it does not refute the singular personality of the subject but recognizes the characters of a persons personality in relation to other people with an actual direct and individual interaction with each of them. It focuses on both an individual and the whole community. It is commonly the statute of love directed to the ego and his neighbor. Social Relations Theory The social relations theory has it that someone gives, as a result of a mutual relationship amid donor and the receiver (nonprofit/fundraiser. One gives aid to their preferred nonprofits frequently because they know the organizations that they want to give charity too very well. . These kinds of charity donations aim to gratify both a donor and a receiver nonprofit. For instance, a friend of a founder of a charitable organization will feel free to make donations to that particular organization often just because they are in a good relationship with the founder, i.e. family, friend, extended relative, etc. (Webb 299). The donor will feel good to donate items to an organization that is being led by his ally at no cost, and the associate will be contented with the donations given to him by a great friend. Recent Study on Charitable Giving There is hope for any non-profit organization that depends on donations for financial aid. A new study has it that retirement does not have a negative impact on charitable giving. The research done at the Women Philanthropy Institute at Indiana University deducted that if a sequence of giving on the basis of charity has been founded before one retires, it is likely to go on after one retires. It continues even when other economic alterations take place. It dismisses the myth that retired couples usually dont have the money or never gives donations. The details drew information from studies that trailed charitable gifting for some years, beginning in 2001. The sample investigated included approximately 600 single, cohabitating households, married where people were from age 55 to 101 years of age (Baber 679-693). The goal of this research is to heighten comprehension of women philanthropy and widely share the outcome to enhance charitable gifting. To see the effects of retirement on expenditure and donations to charitable organizations, the research looked at households of single women and men and married individuals in the preceding years, during and after the decision of retiring. It also made a comparison of the quantity and occurrence of charitable gifting to expenditure and buying. The study deducted that the possibility of gifting decreases by 4% in a period of five years before and after an individual retires. This sum is significantly a lesser amount than aver. It is indeed an encouraging piece of information for fundraisers and for the people who are indulged with the dealings in the non-profit section. It also reveals that planning is continuing in household financial planning for charitable gifting. The research also deducted some critical differences in gifting remain true after one retires. Firstly is that married people and single women give greater donations to charitable organizations than men who are single. Secondly, there are also other variations in how males and females gift. Thirdly is that single women investigated were possibly likely to broaden their expenditure and gift large amounts per annum to different charity organizations. On the contrary, men were possibly likely to gift hugely periodically. Fourthly, the females are equivalent and appear to gift across various organizations in regular sequence. They are likely to be more strongly dedicated to gifting all through their whole lives and strategize well for it. All in all, from the experience of women in working, they are very likely to move in and out of the labour market and strategize according to social frameworks that instruct women to be more democratic and unselfish. Some of the variations in gender deducted in the research of retirees have some truth in other generations. The single women of the Generation portray strong gifting which is similar to the single women of generation X gifting in the 70s. Moreover, technology has altered how the younger generation participated in charitable gifting. Direct gifting via mass funding social media movements, for instance, Giving Tuesday has altered how people relate with charity and donations. My Takeaways For the non-profits, the study has great news and ensures a lot to be thought about in terms of how various groups are engaged. Do they aim at the male species, women and married people differently? What of the various age groups? How do they perceive volunteering time against the donation of money? Therefore, this study reveals that charitable gifting should go on to be part and parcel of a retirement strategy. It has really opened ways for wealth advisors and strategized giving consultancies to aid people in planning how they will maintain charity gifting. To Know the Expectations of the Organization A manager should be in the know that a charity organization aspires to create an expectation of an encouraging action in return for the donation. Timing is also significant since one may be the verge of concluding a massive deal with a consumer that is gotten, would escalate the end of year bonuses by a significant amount. Therefore it is not just gifting that the manager should focus on but should accept gifts and hospitality that is punishable under the bribery statute. The manager should consider the suitability of the donation and whether it is comparative to the level of the organization. The manager should comprehend what comprises of a lavish donation or hospitality which is usually very difficult to judge. For instance, the responsibility of a manager may necessitate him to be present at an occasion where hospitality is generous. What may appear minor to a manager may be very important to a mere employee. At times the value of a gift can be very difficult to determine (Trussel 263-285). The manager should also consider the cross-cultural issues, for example, a gift valued at$20 is regarded as of low quality in the UK though can be considered to be very important in some developing nations. Clear Policy A manager needs guidance on the corporation?s protocol on gifting. They get these approvals from their seniors. At times large donations may be required to be donated to the organization. Guidance is usually got in an organizations code of ethics or gift policy. It will highlight the organizations viewpoint on gifts. The manager will, therefore, understand what constitutes donations and set out good practice for the other workers below him or her. A gift policy should be consistent with all the other features of an organizational ethics strategy in the encouragement of great standards of truthfulness and integrity in making decision and behavior. So there is a necessity to be a Grinch. The manager should ensure communication of gift policy to the employees and his equals. The employees should be encouraged by the manager to regard the ethical repercussion before receiving or giving donations. They should also offer extra support for the people with customs with a different gift-givin g norm. Implications A number of organizations may perform various operations where only some of them are charitable dealings. Generally, to attain the charity test and do registration as a charity, the organization will have to put a stop to the non-charitable dealings. The non-charitable operations can go on and be performed by another non-charitable organization that can, in turn, donate help with the profits to the charitable organization. There are also strict rules that should be adhered to, that apply to doing business by charity. Guidance concerning this can be got in the Charity Commissions Guidelines Charities and Trading. Trustees are disallowed to be in receipt of financial benefits like salaries, services or awarding of contracts for businesses from the charity organizations they manage unless authorized by the authorities concerned. However, the trustees should be paid back their own reasonable expenses from their pockets like traveling expenses. Difference between Community Foundation and Private Foundation A community foundation is an organization that receives charity with broad public support; it can actively be responsible for giving aid to another community charity or devoted ultimately to the safety of the public. Most of the community foundations depend on the donations from the public. These donations are tax deductible according to the law. Private foundations are also charitable institutions that are not eligible to be called public charity organizations. Practically they usually are non-profits that were founded with money from a particular source like family and corporate funding rather than the general public. References Greenlee, Janet S., and John M. Trussel. Predicting the financial vulnerability of charitable organizations. Nonprofit management and leadership 11.2 (2000): 199-210. Webb, Deborah J., Corliss L. Green, and Thomas G. Brashear. Development and validation of scales to measure attitudes influencing monetary donations to charitable organizations. Journal of the academy of marketing science 28.2 (2000): 299. Trussel, John M., and Linda M. Parsons. Financial reporting factors affecting donations to charitable organizations. Advances in Accounting 23 (2007): 263-285. Baber, William R., Patricia L. Daniel, and Andrea A. Roberts. Compensation to managers of charitable organizations: An empirical study of the role of accounting measures of program activities. The accounting review 77.3 (2002): 679-693.

Analysis Of The Song Of Roland - 1645 Words

The Song of Roland The Song of Roland is an incredible French epic poem written around AC. 1030-1070. The main story is that of religious wars between the Christian warrior and Muslims. It is believed that the story in the poem is based on an actual happening back in time. The author of the poem is unknown and is also believed to be the oldest French poem surviving to date. The story stands out among many old epic poems in terms of its relevance, style and structure. Unlike many stories, The Song of Roland narrates the story from the beginning to the end consistently without the use of flashbacks and flash-forwards. Each part of the plot in the poem is in real-time in the position is occurs within the story. A commentary that follows will†¦show more content†¦The passage largely contains Count Rollanz’s speech delivering his stance on the decision of whether to attack the Marseilles or not. He is of the firm opinion that the Kings attack and conquer Marseille and igno re the offer sent by King Marsilla. Count Rollanz narrates his past experience with the Marseilles, terming them traitors and supports his claim. He claims that war is upon them when it is sooner or later and it will be initiated by the Marseilles. Prior to the happenings in the passage, King Marsilla had sent messengers to deliver a message to Charlemagne pleading for peace in exchange with treasure, his conversion to be a Christian and hostages, amongst them his son. Charlemagne and his troops had conquered the whole of Spain and his army was large enough to destroy Marseille without too much strain. His reputation and glory gained from the destruction of his Muslim enemies throughout Spain imparted fear in his potential adversaries. It is for this reason King Marsilla foresaw his city as the next target and the demise that might befall them. The subsequent storyline follows momentous period where Charlemagne makes crucial decision that will shape his course and future. Therefore, the passage comes at a critical period as the information contained here clearly shapes the plot and the ending of the story. As mentioned earlier, the each part of the story is conventional to the section in which it occurs in the poem. The poem has no flashback or flash-forwardShow MoreRelatedChivalry In Song Of Roland, Percival And Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1090 Words   |  5 PagesChivalry (An analysis of the treatment of chivalry in â€Å"Song of Roland†, â€Å"Percival†, â€Å"Arthur†, and â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight†) Chivalry is defined as â€Å"the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code† (Oxford). During medieval times, those who received an immense amount of recognition were the ones who abided by the code of chivalry. These were the people who earned respect from other by giving it themselves. 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Ending Violence Against Women in Nepal free essay sample

Violence against women persists in every country in the world as a pervasive violation of human rights and a major impediment to achieving gender equality. Such violence is unacceptable, whether perpetrated by the nation and its agent or by family members or strangers, in public or private sphere, in peacetime or in times of conflict. The UN General Secretary Ban Ki Moon has stated that as long as violence against women continues, we cannot claim to be making real progress towards equality, development and peace. Worldwide, violence against women, a part of gender based violence is the leading cause of death of women between the ages of 19 and 45—more than cancer, war or accidents. In South Asia, 40 percent to 70 percent of woman and girls report experiencing some forms of physical, sexual or emotional abuse, and half of all woman face violence in the home. Violence against women is a global challenge that violates basic human rights and human security. Apart from the individual suffering, it carries high a cost for society and is a major obstacle to development. Every year million of women and girls worldwide suffer from violence or other forms of gender based violence. The violence is not confined to a specific culture, region or country, to particular groups of women within a society. Over a century has been passed since the world wide movement for women empowerment, equality and advocacy against violence against women was launched, here in Nepal. However even in the 21st century, a girl is murdered on the mothers womb, even burnt alive for not bringing dowry and to protect the family honor and this scary scene underscores the existing reality of women in Nepal. The 2011 Demographic and Health Survey shows that one in three women aged 15 to 49 have experienced physical violence since the age of 15 and 9 percent of these women have experienced physical violence mostly from their own family members at home. As Nepal is a patriarchal society which constitutes women as a half of the total population women are manifestly subjected to discrimination and exploitation of various forms of the violence. The violence against women as such as originates at home, and has been institutionalized as a culture. The existing law, here in Nepal does not oblige the parents to provide good care, maintenance and education of the girl child. For instance, Clause 10 of the Chapter on Partition of Poverty in the New Code of the Country obliges that the father to take good care and maintenance of son and wife but not the same obligation to the daughter. Girl children are thus engaged in family labour from early childhood. A survey study conducted by National Women Commission (NWC) on 2012 at 26 districts of Western Nepal discovered a higher rates of female child labour resulted out of discriminatory treatment within the family and thus are deprived of opportunity to education and development. This tendency has consequently been giving rise to discrimination of many kinds in further stages of life. Domestic violence has been a persistent problem throughout the recorded history and is one of the primary public concerns, here in Nepal. Nepalese women and girls are vulnerable to both domestic violence and public violence. Forced and early marriage is still a pervasive phenomenon despite the legal age of marriage being 18. Harmful traditional practices such as Deukhi where a girl is being offered to God and not allowed to marry, Chhaupadi where a mensurated girl is kept in a small shed away from the main house are very common in Western Nepal. Girls are one and a half times more likely to die before the age of five than their brothers and are twice as likely to be malnourished. According to the study of Saathi, 43 percent of the women experience sexual harassment in the workplace. Between 5,000 and 12,000 girls and women aged 10 to 20 years of age are trafficked every year, 75 percent of whom are below 18 years of age and the majority of whom are sold into forced prostitution. In December 2012, an incident involving a Sita Rai (name changed), a migrants worker, who arrived homeland Nepal from the Gulf country was robbed and raped by the concerning government officials on the immigration office are Tribhuvan International Airport, cases of Shiva Hasmey and Bindu Thakur, who were burnt alive by their family members, terrific murder of Saraswoti Subedi at Kathmandu and disappearance of Choori Maiya Maharajan, a resident of Kathmandu marked the starting point of the Occupy Baluwatar, a protest campaign shouting for the elimination of violence against women infront of the governmental residence of Prime Minister. This homegroom social movement in response to the way authorities handled this cases, in particular and the continuance of violence against women in general. This movement celebrated its 100 days on April 06, 2013 but the government was mute on their voices shouting against violence against women infront of the residence of Prime Minister too. The incident, one among many that month, occurred during Nepals commemoration of the global event 16 days of activism against violence against women, at the same time an incident in India involving a violent attack on the two students where one of whom was a young woman who did not survive her injuries become a high profile case internationally and was closely followed in Nepal as well. Ever since, Nepals national media has been drawing increased attention toward incidences of violence against women across the country. On February 14, 2013 coinciding with the fiftieth day of the Occupy Baluwatar movement, a large number of Nepalese people joined nearly 200 countries worldwide to rise up and speak against violence against women during the event of One Billion Rising. Since the end of the conflict the Government of Nepal has made several commitments to address violence against women. In 2006 Comprehensive Peace Accord (CPA) both parties i. e. then seven alliance party and then rebels Maoist agreed on the need to specially protect the rights of women and children and the need to stop all forms of sexual exploitation and other forms of misbehavior on women and child labor and other violent acts against women. The Interim Constitution 2007 states that no physical, mental or other form of violence shall be inflicted on any women, and such an act shall be punishable by law. Nonetheless, a recent government study on gender based violence where violence against women is sub categorized revaled that almost two–thirds of women interviewed were unaware of any existing legislation related to violence against women and only a one in four women was aware of any government services as available for survivors of violence or abuse. At the same time, much more remains to be done to create an environment where women can live free from violence against women. Progress in the development of international legal norms, standards and policies has not been accompanied by comparable progress in their implementation at the national level, which remains insufficient and inconsistent in all parts of the Nepal. Similarly, while data on the nature, prevalence and incidence of all forms of violence against women has increased significantly in recent days, information is not yet comprehensive. Lack of political will is reflected in inadequate resources devoted to tackling violence against women and a failure to create and maintain a political and social environment where violence against women is not tolerated. There is also a need to engage men more effectively in the work on preventing and eliminating such violence, and to tackle stereotypes and attitudes that perpetuate male violence against women. Generally, the violence against women is the result of unequal patriarchal power relation deeply rooted with social structure devised, reinforced and perpetuated by sociopolitical institutions dominated by men and which thereby ensure that men, by virtue of their gender, have power and control over women. The violence against women comprises all those acts defined as an assault against womens personhood, mental or physical integrity or freedom of movement. As women work mostly inside the household sphere, their contributions remain invisible. Obviously, it shows that women suffer from discrepancies and are facing countless social, economical, religious, cultural, legal and political problems. They are suffering from various social practices like early marriage, polygamy and widow marriage etc. They are even suffering from malnutrition and morbidity and have fewer legal rights than men. They contribute more labour to economy than men do. They perform various household activities. In spite of their hardworking and loyal ness nature to their family, women are facing unsatisfactory socioeconomic conditions. This wide ranges of factors including traditional system, geographical situation, socioeconomic condition, cultural practices are responsible of the discouraging the situation of women. This seriously delays development efforts. Womens educational, occupational, social and economical status influence the family size, rearing, bearing and primary education of children and ultimately it may help to improve the overall well being of the family. There is a saying on the Nepalese society, Let it be late but let it be son. Males have given a high rank in society but females are assigned as somebodys commodity. Women get less education, health care, nutrition and opportunity to develop their leadership quality. They are overloaded and have less leisure than men. Decline on socioeconomic status of women requires improvements in quality life through increasing level of income and education as well as improvement of working status. Involvement on family decision making process indicates ones higher or equal status in the family. Status of women is also religiously higher in Nepal, especially in higher caste of Hindu families. But is only in theory or it can be said that it is true to some extent, when they are in the status of mother. In the cases of daughter in law, they are not accepted as a decision maker. There are minimum participation of women for taking decision in household affairs like buying, selling food, land and cattle, celebrating the festivals, arranging marriage and getting medical treatment. The wide range of socioeconomic problems should be addressed for the overall development of the nation. Nepalese womens voices arent heard, their work isnt valued and their future is dependent upon decision made by men in the power structure of nation, government communities and families. Therefore, it is very important to look in the issue with the veiw of gender perspectives in all the families and household activities. Women constitutes more than half of the nations population in Nepal. Most of them are living in rural areas. The status of women is nutritionally, economically, socially, educationally, inferior to man. Maternal mortality rate is very high, early marriage is frequent. It is estimated that 40 percent of women still get marriage before the age of 16, despite the Country Code 1963 outlawing child marriage and polygamy. Girls are over involved in domestic and farm activities, which preclude them from gaining due education and skills. However educational opportunity and age at the marriage is gradually raising and grater effort is called for the rise so that girls can stay in school longer and seek better employment opportunities. Women are engaged to the burden of child bearing, frequently and closely spaced pregnancies and labor intensive tasks, such as fetching water, cutting and carrying firewood and fodders, cleaning and washing, food processing, tending to household livestock, breast feeding and carrying young children. Veiws towards women have not been changed effectively. Nepalese women dont have her own identity as a human being. There are recognized as a mother, sister, daughter or wife of someone else. The mere physical difference doesnt have to make necessary for one sex to loose complete human identity and live in surrender to the other sex. Harmonious coexistence should be the guiding principle in the relationship between men and women. Any intellectual and dynamic women often impress a man as long as she is not his own life. Section IX Recommendations Detailed recommendation for action on violence against women have been developed in intergovernmental agreements such as the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and in reports, studies, and guidelines by UN bodies,   agencies and mechanisms, academics and NGOs, however, significant gaps remain in their effective implementation. The present recommendations complement existing ones and aims to accelerate implementations if these existing standards, norms and commitments. The following strategic recommendations arising from this study report are key to moving the agenda for the elimination of violence against women forward. These recommendations are interrelated and all are crucial for an effective, systematic and comprehensive approach to end violence against women. The following recommendations are made with a veiw to combating the problems. Recommendation on implementation of the international treaties and convention Government of Nepal has ratified many international treaties and conventions providing for elimination of gender based discrimination and exploitation and has fully accepted to act in accordance there with. The Treaty Act of Nepal recognizes the validity of such treaties and conventions in absolute terms. However, Government of Nepal has not sincerely acting as per such international obligations and not behaving like a competent government. For this the following actions must be taken sincerely, honestly and urgently : †¢ The Property Right Bill introduced in the then parliament must be enacted as soon as possible with positive formulations of the contents and must not make any attempt to relate womens legal position based on their sex and marital status. Law relating to trafficking, rape, sexual harassment etc must be enacted or amended and have special provisions relating to investigation, prosecution and trail system. †¢ The women police must be involved in the investigation of the crimes of rape, trafficking, sexual abuses and so on. For making the women police efficient in processing investigation, the existing women police cells should be equipped with training on law an d policy related to violence against women. The scheme of women police must be expanded to all districts with necessary logistic support and infrastructure for medical and forensic investigation. The existing structure of criminal trial system must be changed. The existing Judicial Administration Act must be replaced by new act having provision for separate criminal court guaranteeing a closed camera to try and adjudicate the cases relating to rape, trafficking and sexual harassment or abuses. †¢ Considering the present state of law relating there to, a separate and integrated law must be enacted as soon as possible. Such law must give a special privilege to women affected by the violence to participate in the investigation process. As Nepal moves for sustainable peace, the nation should commit to support womens rights made through Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women, the Bejing Platform for Action. Recommendation on national policy on violence against women Several issues relating to violence against women have received no policy interventions. Such issues need to be addressed by the government with special attention and consideration. For this, the following recommendations are suggested. †¢ Violence against women must be given high priority in the national agenda and strong political commitment is important for its prevention. Activities like providing more access to basic education and skills, effective provision of health service, quality education, training and a supportive environment to families and children vulnerable to sexual exploitation should be included in the national planning scheme. †¢ Trafficking is a trans-border issue and, therefore, must be addressed at a global or regional level. Pressure must be accelerated to eliminate the crisis brought about by trafficking through bilateral and multilateral dialogues. Adequate resources must be mobilized to combat trafficking and a regional and bilateral plan of action should be initiated immediately. Till now, the problem of trafficking is confined to India. However, it has symptoms of crossing the Indian sub-continent. Therefore, a special attention should be given to cope of the problem before it becomes serious. With regard to trafficking of women and girls to India, Government of Nepal must immediately make arrangement for implementing the law on extradition of the criminals involved there in and take initiatives to establish a SAARC police force to combat against the problem. Like regional convention on terrorism, an initiative to have regional convention against trafficking must be made through utilizing the forum of SAARC. The Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare (MoWCSW) established in September 1995 with the goal of bringing women into the mainstream of national development by encouraging gender equality and their empowerment is committed to formulate a national action plan for womens development based on national priorities and international declarations and c onventions. The plan of action prepared by the Ministry to eradicate violence against women should be analyzed and a work plan should be developed by involving governmental and non governmental organizations, lawyers, doctors, human rights workers and social activists. Special training package on violence against women must be developed and imparted to the judges, prospectors, district administrators, police, lawyers, doctors and human rights workers. The training package as much include orientation on knowledge and skills both for effectively combat violence against women. Priority must be given to generate a special group of women lawyers to assume role of leadership of gender based legal issues. A team of lawyers should be constituted to support the victims of violence against women all over the country. This responsibility must be given to the Ministry of Women, Children and Social Welfare as a national agenda. †¢ A policy of special legal and scheme for victims of violence must be adopted nationally and legal aid and monitoring team should be established to oversight responsibility of the investigating and prosecuting agencies, and make timely suggestions. Such team must also be empowered to visit shelters and prisons and to provide necessary suggestions and support. Recommendation on the issue of nationality The forthcoming constitution should provide for citizenship by descent through one parent, mother or father, thus recognizing the equal rights of women to transfer citizenship, also protecting the right of the child to acquire a nationality. †¢ I case of transfer of citizenship to spouses of foreign origin, provisions should include equal prerequisites for both a foreign wife and husband; shorter residency time periods; and the issuance of temporary identification ca rds which would confer rights—expect the right to vote—until full citizenship has been acquired through naturalization. The government should adopt the legal measures and do away with all the existing procedural and administrative barriers that hinder women to exercise and enjoy their rights independently of their husbands or male relatives. Moreover, the government should circulate clear guidelines to all its officials to ensure uniformity Im distribution of citizenship certificates. Recommendation on womens participation in public life †¢ Encourage political parties to make it mandatory to have at least 33 percent women representation in each level and that should be indicated in the manifesto of political parties. To increase womens representations within the political parties, ensure special measures for women in the newly drafted political party bill or through constitutional provision. Also, promote political parties support to women candidates in particular financing and campaigning support among others, through relevant special measures for women. †¢ The government should also put in place measures to ensure meaningful and effective participation of women in political and public life as well as at international level. Address socioeconomic challenges and violence against women through wider awareness programs in community also targeting men and through effective enforcement of prevalent laws to protect women from violence. Provide gender sensitive training to men in politics to encourage gender friendly atmosphere within the political parties. Recommendation for access to justice †¢ Reveiw the existing legal framework and enforcement procedures in relation to violence against wo men that coordinate with existing civil and criminal laws as well streamlining the response mechanism. In particular increase the restrictive statute of limitations for filling a Charge Sheet for rape beyond the present 35 days, enact law dealing with violence resulting from the allegations of practicing witchcraft,   reveiw the Domestic Violence Act and formulate strategies with rights based approach which are victim centric to address impunity in cases of violence against women. Develop long term support mechanisms for victims and survivors of violence against women including legal aid, shelter, psychological support, emergency funds. Continue to provide mandatory trainings accompanied with refresher training for government officials including law enforcement officials, health workers, community level workers including members to VDC, teachers etc to identify and deal sensitively with survivors of violence against women. †¢ Finalize and adopt the standard operating procedures to address operating procedures for the prevention of and response to gender based violence. The proc edures define the roles and responsibilities of actors involved in prevention and response of gender based violence. Recommendation for donor agencies There is a need for information on interventions that are effective, feasible and sustainable in resource poor settings. Thus donor agencies should support research and data collection on the prevalence of different forms of violence against women and the effectiveness of measure implemented to prevent and redress violence against women. Similarly, donors should fully fund rigorous monitoring and evaluation of programmes implementation. Miscellaneous †¢ Monitoring mechanism should be developed to oversee how victims and accused are dealt with by the police, lawyers and the court. On the basis of the monitoring, support should be provide if necessary. †¢ Government advocacy offices should be well equipped with a separate section to deal with the cases related to violence against women. †¢Ã‚  The family court should be established to have a speedy trial on family issues. †¢ Regional networks of women lawyers, activist, media and civil society should be established to lobby on the issue of violence against women. This will also help in reforming the law and policy through the network. A national study on situation on violence against women must be conducted to identify the accurate magnitude and dimension of the problem. †¢ Center for counseling services for victimized women must be set up. Intensive counseling services must also be given to man. †¢ Modify the social and cultural patterns of conduct of men and women, with a view to achieving the elimination of prejudices and customary and all other practices which are based on the idea o f the inferiority or the superiority of either of the sexes or on stereotyped roles of men and women.

Essay Topics That Create Wonderland Through the Eyes of Alice

Essay Topics That Create Wonderland Through the Eyes of AliceWhen it comes to writing an Alice in Wonderland essay topic, it is crucial that you know the elements of the story and what they tell us about our world. However, just knowing these things does not mean that the task is completely made easy. Just because the story tells us something about our world does not mean that it is enough. You still need to use different parts of the story and make it relevant to the essay topic that you are writing.Here are some tips on Alice in Wonderland essay topics:Take a look at Alice's room. Look for evidence that the story reflects what our world is really like. What is the story's meaning? Is it the story's message, or is it simply an amusing story?Is the story telling us something different from what we already know about the world? Does the tale reflect what we can learn from observation of the events, or does it give us an idea about what we should do?The very first element that you need to take into account is the reader's perspective. In order to create a believable world that is both real and beautiful, the reader needs to be able to change the world around them through the eyes of Alice. It makes sense that Alice should be able to visit Wonderland herself to experience the changes in the real world that she experiences in her imagination.If you try to explain Alice's role in the story through writing on essay topics, then you will need to provide some clarification to the readers to ensure that they understand. Sometimes, people have difficulty with things like this and they get confused. Make sure that you include the following details:Is Alice's bedroom, kingdom of the fairies, or other places in the story places where we would expect to find something strange? Look at the scene carefully and find clues that point to what the story says. This can help you find a new view of the story's message. Even if you are unsure of what it is, this kind of research can h elp you figure it out.With so many different questions to ask, how do you start? One of the best ways to proceed is to write your question on paper and work backwards, in reverse order, from the most important questions to the least important ones. If you are uncertain about which element you should tackle first, start by making notes about what the key things in the story mean.